Conway Fault ruptures

BY KATE PEDLEY (UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY)
Accessibility: WHEELCHAIR ACCESS
Conway Fault rupture as seen from viewpoint. Photo/ K Pedley
The 14 November 2016 Kaikōura Earthquake ruptured along over 21 different faults over the north eastern section of the South Island from the epicentre near Waiau, through to offshore Cape Campbell. While most of the fault ruptures are across private land, some can be viewed from the public roads travelling through the regions. This viewpoint is from the Waiau-Kaikōura Inland Rd looking up the Conway River and shows some landslides caused by the shaking, as well as a fault rupture along what is known as the Conway Faults.
Landslides into the Conway River as seen from viewpoint. Photo/ K Pedley
At just after midnight on the 14th November 2016 a magnitude 7.8 earthquake ripped through the countryside of north-eastern South Island. While the human impact effects of earthquakes are indeed sobering, earthquakes are also the vibrations caused by movement of the Earth's tectonic plates that cover the surface of this dynamic planet we call home. Without plate tectonics the continent of New Zealand would still be underwater and we would not have the dramatic and beautiful landscape that is renowned around the world. Fault ruptures like in this event have occurred many times in this region and throughout the South Island over the last 25 million years to slowly build up the mountains we see today.
The fault scarp viewed at this location is a bit over 1 m in height.
The landslides viewed at this location are just a few of the over 11,000 landslides throughout the region triggered as a result of the shaking. With slopes loosened and damaged after the earthquakes, heavy rainfall events and gravity will cause (and has caused) more landslides over time.
It's a rare opportunity to see "fresh" fault ruptures. The effect of pushing up a block of the ground relative to it's surroundings (and depending on it's geologic properties) creates a fault scarp that is more prone to erosion and will get smoothed over fairly quickly. It has always been a challenge for geologists trying to work out how much and how often a fault has ruptured in the past (and therefore how often it might do so again), when much of it may have been eroded away!
This event moved through the landscape at around 1.8 km per second! Therefore this relatively tiny scarp formed incredibly rapidly!
Directions/Advisory

Look for a gravel pull-over bay on the left-hand side of the road if you are travelling from the township of Waiau, after crossing the Conway River bridge.

Be very careful of road traffic. Do not go too close to the cliff edge.

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Accessibility: WHEELCHAIR

Features
Active Fault Geohazard Active Erosion
Geological Age
Recent! This feature can be precisely dated at just after midnight on 14th November 2016.
Zealandia Evolution Sequence
Pākihi Supergoup: 5 million years ago – present